八月十五夜月二首
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唐代]：杜甫
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转蓬行地远，攀桂仰天高。
水路疑霜雪，林栖见羽毛。
稍下巫山峡，犹衔白帝城。
气沈全浦暗，轮仄半楼明。
刁斗皆催晓，蟾蜍且自倾。
张弓倚残魄，不独汉家营。
八月十五夜月二首鉴赏
这是诗人避乱蜀中之作。此组诗主调应该是悲伤苍凉的。第一首诗前两联睹月兴感，用象征团圆的八月十五的月亮反衬自己飘泊异乡的羁旅愁思。“归心折大刀”说的是吴刚在月宫被罚砍桂花树，杜甫猜想，吴刚也不是情愿砍树，一心想回到人间来。归去之心，竟然折断了砍树的大刀。“蓬”，蓬草，遇风飞转，故叫“飞蓬”。这里诗人用“转蓬”遇风飞转的形象，比喻自己飘泊不定的生活，隐示自己羁旅漂泊的苦味。由景入情，转篷象征漂泊无依的情感，杜甫空有归心只可惜无处还乡的凄凉。“行地远”指诗人自己当时处在偏远的夔州。诗人借此表达了反对战乱的思想。后两联描状中秋夜色，“见羽毛”、“数秋毫”极力写月亮之亮，进一步反衬自己思念远征的亲人，祈愿平息战争，国泰民安。末两句，“直”通“特”，“简直”的意思。“此时瞻白兔，直欲数秋毫”意为，这个时候仰望玉兔（指月亮），简直会数得清它的毫毛，形容月亮的明亮。第一首诗采用了反衬手法，在鲜明的比照中，表露了避乱生涯中的愁闷。
第二首诗全诗写景，景中见情。“气沈全浦暗，轮仄半楼明。”描写的月光给人的感觉是苍茫的，悲凉的。“刁斗皆催晓，蟾蜍且自倾。”刁斗声起，让诗人想起离乡戍边的“汉家营”里的士卒，更想到了普天下在战乱中背景离乡的劳苦大众。忧己更忧民，这正表现了杜甫的伟大之处。
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王建《
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十五夜望月寄杜郎中》
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高观国《
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菩萨蛮·何须急管吹云暝》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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