小重山·七夕病中
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宋代]：吕渭老
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半夜灯残鼠上檠。上窗风动竹，月微明。梦魂偏记水西亭。琅玕碧，花影弄蜻蜓。
千里暮云平，南楼催上烛，晚来晴。酒阑人散斗西倾。天如水，团扇扑流萤。
小重山·七夕病中鉴赏
该词是词人写自己正在病中，恰逢是年七月初七，当夜心潮起伏，久不成寐；然后，忽于梦中到了水西亭旧地，恍如又与友人聚首，欢度七夕。
上片首句“半夜灯残鼠上檠”，表明词人尚展转未眠，不仅眼见灯光因油枯而渐渐微弱，还看到一只老鼠悄悄地爬上灯架舔吸盏中余剩的青油。该句用以动显静之笔，既烘托出了夏夜之静谧，更透露了不眠人内心的无聊。他复将双目转向床前窗棂一瞥，只见“上窗风动竹，月微明”。意即七月的上弦月，光辉熹微，将院坝风吹竹动的剪影，恰巧映照到窗纸之上，摇摇晃晃，模模糊糊，景色十分别致。从中又暗示出词人心绪亦由浮躁不安而开始转为平和宁静。于是，他很快地不知不觉入梦了，以下便全写梦境，他入梦之前所遇到的是一个令人不愉快的七夕之夜，入梦之后却换成了一番欢乐景象。“梦魂偏到水西亭”，“水西亭”是何处所，大概是词人某年七夕与其友人欢聚之地；“梦魂偏到”那里，不过是由于梦前思念其事所致。词人的梦魂来到“水西亭”，时值傍晚，夕阳返照，“琅玕碧，花影弄蜻蜓”。这实际上是他记忆中的亭边景色。“琅玕”，竹子，杜甫《郑驸马宅宴洞中》有句曰：“主家阴洞细烟雾，留客夏簟青琅玕”。两句的意思是：亭边翠竹森森，几只蜻蜓在花影中嬉戏翻飞。梦中出现如此优美景色，无疑是由于“上窗风动竹”实景所诱出的，一实一虚，相互辉映，境界格外幽静清爽。
下片继续梦中幻觉。“千里暮云平”，这句紧接上面的近景描写，一下推了开去，闪出了当日即将入夜时目所能及的远方景象。在迷茫的夜色中，一望千里，无比开阔，那一缕缕暗灰色的薄云正在天地相接处延伸、涂抹。“南楼催上烛，晚来晴”，“南楼”，指水西亭的南楼；“催上烛”，因为天色已经暗淡下来，主人立即催促僮仆迅速点上灯烛，以迎候嘉宾光临；“晚来晴”，表明宾主相见时都称许今夜天公作美，便于仰观牛女“银河迢迢暗度”的情景。“酒阑人散斗西倾”，这一句正面写当年七夕，词人和他的酒侣诗朋，在南楼酣饮，一直到了斗星倾斜的深夜，然后才陆续告辞而去。这一七字句，言约而意丰，叙写集中而形象。当酒侣诗朋走完之后，他仰望天空，“天如水”，即澄碧的天空犹如一池清水。他雅兴未已，走出亭外，观看那些等着向织女星乞巧的小姑娘正挥舞“团扇扑流萤”，歇拍两句为杜牧“天阶夜色凉如水”、“轻罗小扇扑流萤”（《七夕》和王建“团扇，团扇，美人病来遮面”《调笑》）等句的融会化用，且妙合无痕。也才将七夕女子乞巧的传统风习从侧面作了点染。
该词抒写的是情绪的小波动及生活小事，然而却写得音调铿锵，婉约深幽，意味隽永；特别又是借梦幻以表现对往事的回忆，格外显得朦胧缥缈，确有诱人的艺术魅力。
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吴文英《
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惜秋华·七夕前一日送人归盐官》
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吴文英《
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秋蕊香·七夕》
吕渭老简介
唐代·吕渭老的简介
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吕渭老（生卒年不详），一作吕滨老，字圣求，嘉兴（今属浙江）人。宣和、靖康年间在朝做过小官，有诗名。南渡后情况不详。赵师岌序其词云：“宣和末，有吕圣求者，以诗名，讽咏中率寓爱君忧国意。”“圣求居嘉兴，名滨老，尝位周行，归老于家。”今存《圣求词》一卷。
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