谢新恩·樱花落尽阶前月
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五代]：李煜
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樱花落尽阶前月，
象床愁倚薰笼。
远似去年今日，恨还同。
双鬟不整云憔悴，
泪沾红抹胸。
何处相思苦，纱窗醉梦中。
谢新恩·樱花落尽阶前月鉴赏
这是一首思妇词，描写女主人公相思难解的愁苦，当是李煜前期的作品。
词的上片写女主人公旧恨未减、新愁又添、难消心中怨的情状。首句写景，描绘的是一幅凄冷孤寂的画面：花已落尽春已去，冷月当阶人独在，花难解语，月亦无声，闺中伊人，孤苦相伴。面对此情此景，闺中少妇的眼里似乎看到了自己，看到了自己也已年华将逝、无人慰藉的凄冷境遇和未来。所以二句直接写人，写出一个愁容不展、孤苦寂寞的女子形象。一个“愁”字，既照应了首句景色描写的用意，也点出了女子此时此刻的心境。本来落花满地、冷月当空就是最易引人伤怀念远的景象，而此情此景中女子的愁思更不是无端而发，而是有原有因的。片尾一句就是这一愁思的缘由。“远”字不仅有时空上的概念，而且有程度上的意义。时间越久，愁思越长，相距愈远，别恨愈深。也许是“去年今日”相别离，但此愁此恨却已绵绵不止，愈扯愈长了。说“还同”，其实还不相同，去年今日是新愁，但今年今日却已是旧愁新恨都在心头，愁更切，恨更深。
词的下片细写女子的愁容和苦思。自古道，“女为悦己者容”，而此时，女子的容颜不整就更真实地展示出了她被相思折磨得十分愁苦的心境。《诗经·`卫风·伯兮》中有：“自伯之东，首为飞蓬，岂无膏沐，谁适为容。”这种情怀无人能解，也无人安慰，因为相爱的人不在身边。所以女子不由自主地越思越痛、越想越难、越愁越苦，禁不住珠泪潸然，“泪沾红抹胸”。到此处，作者笔下的女主人公那为情所困、为愁所苦的声行容貌已鲜活可见，跃然纸上。结尾两句既是写实，又有寓意。一方面，相思之苦无可解，也许一醉解千愁，写出了女子愁苦无依、无可奈何的心情，算是给女子的相思有了一个解脱。另一方面，作者不是要为女子释去情苦，而更多的是进一步渲染女子恨情愁绪。“何处相思苦？”也就是说：最苦的是哪一处、哪一种情形？不是别的，而是“纱窗醉梦中”，梦中醉眼相见，也许欢情无限。可惜梦醒之后，无限欢情转眼成空，不但慰藉不了丝毫，反而因梦中的欢会而更加平添许多愁怨，所以最苦是梦中。这二句以设问写出，寓意丰富，含蓄蕴藉，女子的愁思怨情被表现得淋漓酣透。
全词以女子的愁情别绪为中心，借景物描写为映衬，假容颜举止为画笔，于相同中见不同，虚实相映、生动感人。虽然思想格调并不高远，但笔意含蓄、手法高妙，艺术上的造诣较高。
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李煜《
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望远行·碧砌花光照眼明》
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李煜《
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一斛珠·晚妆初过》
李煜简介
唐代·李煜的简介
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李煜，五代十国时南唐国君，961年-975年在位，字重光，初名从嘉，号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。南唐元宗李璟第六子，于宋建隆二年(961年)继位，史称李后主。开宝八年，宋军破南唐都城，李煜降宋，被俘至汴京，封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治，但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法，善绘画，通音律，诗和文均有一定造诣，尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜，却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章，被称为“千古词帝”。
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