湘中酬张十一功曹
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唐代]：韩愈
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休垂绝徼千行泪，共泛清湘一叶舟。
今日岭猿兼越鸟，可怜同听不知愁。
湘中酬张十一功曹译文及注释
译文
不必再因贬官南方而垂泪千行了，今天不是乘一叶扁舟沿湘江北上了吗？
岭猿越鸟的鸣叫声，本来会使北人听了哀愁的，因为今日遇赦北归又和好友同行，似乎猿鸟声也变得可爱而使人忘掉忧愁了。
注释
湘：湘水，发源于广西壮族自治区灵川县海洋山，东北流经湖南入洞庭湖。湘中：指湖南郴州。张十一功曹：指张署，河间人，是韩愈的好友。十一：是兄弟间的排行。功曹：是州府功曹参军的省称，掌管官员考核以及文化教育卫生诸事宜。
绝徼：偏僻荒远之地，此指广东省和湖南省南部韩、张两人贬官之所。绝，一作“越”。
一叶舟：船如一叶，极言其小。
岭：五岭，具体说法不一，通常指大庾、骑田、都庞、萌渚、越城五岭。当时以岭南为蛮荒之地。
可怜：这里作可爱解。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986年10月版：第849页
2、汤贵仁．韩愈诗选注．上海：上海古籍出版社，1998年6月版：第50-51页
湘中酬张十一功曹创作背景
此诗作于公元805年（唐顺宗永贞元年、唐德宗贞元二十一年）。公元803年（唐德宗贞元十九年），韩愈、张署同为监察御史，同被贬官。公元805年（永贞元年、贞元二十一年）春，遇大赦同到郴州待命；同年秋，两人同被任命为江陵府参军。这首诗是韩愈、张署同赴江陵途中所作的。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010年12月版：第311页
湘中酬张十一功曹鉴赏
《湘中酬张十一功曹》是唐代文学家韩愈的作品，载于《全唐诗》卷三百四十三。作者和张署遭贬后同时遇赦，诗中有遇赦北移的愉快心情，虽也有对新任职务（江陵府参军）的不满，但总的说来，喜多于悲，心中有一种劫后余生的感慨。
当初韩愈和张署二人同时遭贬，韩愈为阳山令，张署为临武令，都在极为边远荒蛮的边塞之地。前途的阴霾，环境的恶劣曾让二人壮志顿消，感慨于仕途的浮沉不定和自己的遭遇而黯然泣下。此时忽逢大赦，得以脱离偏远的蛮荒之所，于是诗人止住哭泣，“休垂绝徼千行泪”，和张署“共泛清湘一叶舟”，赶往江陵赴任。猿啼鸟鸣本是哀音，是孤寂、愁苦的象征，诗人在这里却故写哀音而闻之不哀，反觉可爱，进一步将内心的喜悦表露出来。韩愈此为反话正说，令人觉得更有韵味。其用心不可谓不巧，其立意不可谓不绝。
全诗用湘江泛舟的乐趣来排解往昔的忧伤，用朋友情谊的温暖来慰藉当前的苦闷，用语奇崛，笔力遒劲，体现了中唐以后的绝句注重炼意的特点。
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上一首：
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韩愈《
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赠贾岛（以下二首见《万首绝句》）》
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下一首：
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韩愈《
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符读书城南（符，愈之子。城南，愈别墅》
韩愈简介
唐代·韩愈的简介
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韩愈（768～824）字退之，唐代文学家、哲学家、思想家，河阳（今河南省焦作孟州市）人，汉族。祖籍河北昌黎，世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎，又称韩吏部。谥号“文”，又称韩文公。他与柳宗元同为唐代古文运动的倡导者，主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言，破骈为散，扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”，明人推他为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名，作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈在思想上是中国“道统”观念的确立者，是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。
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