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辞源阁a>成语词典四面楚歌四面楚歌的故事
四面楚歌的成语故事

拼音sì miàn chǔ gē
基本解释四面都是楚人的歌声。后用来比喻四面受敌;处于孤立无援的处境。
出处《史记 项羽本纪》:“项王军壁垓下,兵少食尽,汉军及诸侯兵围之数重。夜闻汉军四面皆楚歌,项王乃大惊,曰:‘汉皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也。’”〖示例〗在这四面楚歌里,凭你怎样伶牙俐齿,也只得服从了。 ★朱自清《航船中的文明》
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四面楚歌的典故
项羽和刘邦原来约定以鸿沟(在今河南荣县境贾鲁河)东西边作为界限,互不侵犯。后来刘邦听从张良和陈平的规劝,觉得应该趁项羽衰弱的时候消灭他,就又和韩信、彭越、刘贾会合兵力追击正在向东开往彭城(即今江苏徐州)的项羽部队。终于布置了几层兵力,把项羽紧紧围在垓下(在今安徽灵璧县东南)。这时,项羽手下的兵士已经很少,粮食又没有了。夜里听见四面围住他的军队都唱起楚地的民歌,不禁非常吃惊地说:“刘邦已经得到了禁地了吗?为什么他的部队里面楚人这么多呢?”说看,心里已丧失了斗志,便从床上爬起来,在营帐里面喝酒;并和他最宠爱的妃子虞姬一同唱歌。唱完,直掉眼泪,在旁的人也非常难过,都觉得抬不起头来。一会,项羽骑上马,带了仅剩的八百名骑兵,从南突围逃走。边逃边打,到乌江畔自刎而死。因为这个故事里面有项羽听见四周唱起楚歌,感觉吃惊,接看又失败自杀的情节,所以以后的人就用“四面楚歌”这句话,形容人们遭受各方面攻击或逼迫的人事环境,而致陷于孤立窘迫的境地。凡是陷于此种境地者,其命运往往是很悲惨的,例如某人因经常与坏人为伍,不事生产,游手好闲;但后来却破那些坏人逼迫的无以为生,求助于别人时,别人也应他平日行为太坏,绝不同情更不理睬,这人所处的境地便是“四面楚歌”。又如学校里讨论学术问题,其学生不学无术(成语,意即没有学术)、信口雌黄、颠倒是非,同学们群起而攻之,这学生便完全处于孤立地位,这也可叫做“四面楚歌”。在我们的人生历程上,在我们的日常生活中,好好的做人,脚踏实地的做事,若是行差踏错,就未免要遭受“四面楚歌”的厄运了。
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※ 与(四面楚歌)相关的成语及历史出处:
| 成语 | 历史出处 |
|---|---|
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 短褐不全 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 唐·卢照邻《对蜀父老问》:“藜羹不厌,短褐不全,庸非贫贱乎?” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 进种善群 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 清·张鹤龄《法人篇》:“且变法之后,而人亦有与之俱变者,此进种善群之公例,而其效有操券决也。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 不辱使命 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 郭沫若《洪波曲》第三章:“寿昌大笑起来,掉头对着立群说:‘不辱使命!’” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 枝对叶比 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 唐独孤及《检校尚书吏部员外郎赵郡李公中集序》:“及其大坏也,俪偶章句,使枝对叶比,以八病四声为梏拳,拳拳守之,如奉法令。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 举世混浊 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 战国楚·屈原《离骚》:“世混浊而不分兮。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 杜绝言路 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 《后汉书·袁绍传》:“操欲迷夺时明,杜绝言路。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 笃近举远 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 唐·韩愈《原人》:“故圣人一视而同仁,笃近而举远。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 扬幡擂鼓 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 清·文康《儿女英雄传》第28回:“如今是扬幡擂鼓,弄至大家都知道了,都看见了。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 空谷传声 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 南朝 梁 萧衍《净业赋》:“若空谷之应声,似游形之有影。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 临危受命 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 三国 蜀 诸葛亮《前出师表》:“受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间。” |