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对症下药的成语故事


对症下药

拼音duì zhèng xià yào

基本解释症:病症;下药:用药。医生针对病人的病情开方用药。比喻针对具体情况;采取具体有效措施。

出处宋 朱熹《朱子语类》第41卷:“克己复礼,便是捉得病根,对证下药。”



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对症下药的典故

华陀(tuó)是东汉末年著名的医学家,他精通内、外、妇、儿、针灸(jiǔ)各科,医术高明,诊断准确,在我国医学史上享(xiǎng)有很高的地位。

华陀给病人诊疗时,能够根据不同的情况,开出不同的处方。

有一次,州官倪(ní)寻和李延一同到华陀那儿看病,两人诉说的病症(zhèng)相同:头痛发热。华陀分别给两人诊了脉后,给倪寻开了泻药,给李延开了发汗的药。

两人看了药方,感到非常奇怪,问:“我们两人的症状相同,病情一样,为什么吃的药却不一样呢?”

华陀解释说:“你俩相同的,只是病症的表象,倪寻的病因是由内部伤食引起的,而李延的病却是由于外感风寒,着了凉引起的。两人的病因不同,我当然得对症下药,给你们用不同的药治疗了。”

倪寻和李延服药后,没过多久,病就全好了。


更多成语出处和典故


※ 与(对症下药)相关的成语及历史出处:

成语 历史出处

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半途而废

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西汉 戴圣《礼记 中庸》:“君子遵道而行,半途而废,吾弗能已矣。”

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倒栽葱

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清·褚人获《隋唐演义》第33回:“照脊梁一拳,打个不提备,跌了一个倒栽葱,把一个小孩子也丢在路边啼哭。”

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胸无大志

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姚雪垠《李自成》第二卷第36章:“至于回、革等人,实系凡庸之辈,胸无大志,三年来观望风色,动摇不前。”

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残花败柳

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元 白朴《墙头马上》第三折:“休把似残花败柳冤仇结,我与你生男长女填还彻,指望生则同衾,死则共穴。”

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浪费笔墨

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老舍《多鼠斋杂谈》:“他便也只会忌妒,而一天到晚浪费笔墨,攻击别人,且自鸣得意。”

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顾后瞻前

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《封神演义》第五三回:“你往我来,遭着兵刃命随倾;顾后瞻前,错了心神身不保。”

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哀而不伤

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先秦 孔子《论语 八佾》:“子曰:‘《关雎》,乐而不淫,哀而不伤。’”

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活蹦乱跳

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曹禺《日出》第四幕:“我一定可以把小东西还是活蹦乱跳地找回来。”

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肝胆过人

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饿虎吞羊

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《清平山堂话本 五戒禅师私红莲记》:“一个初侵女色,由如饿虎吞羊。”