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辞源阁a>成语词典不寒而栗不寒而栗的故事
不寒而栗的成语故事

拼音bù hán ér lì
基本解释寒:寒冷;栗:发抖。不是因为寒冷而发抖。形容恐惧到了极点。
出处西汉 司马迁《史记 酷吏列传》:“是日皆报杀四百馀人,其后郡中不寒而栗。”
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不寒而栗的典故
西汉武帝的时候,有个名叫义纵的人。他姐姐义殉是个医生。她因医好了皇太后的病,皇太后很宠爱她,义纵也因此得到汉武帝的任用。他先在上党郡一个县中任县令,后又升为长安县令。他在任职期间,能够依法办事,不讲情面,也不怕得罪有权有势的人,当地的治安有了很大的改变。汉武帝认为他很有才干,就调任他为河内郡都尉,后又升为南阳太守。
当时,南阳城里居住着一个管理关税的都尉名叫宁成,这人很残暴,利用手中的权力横行霸道,百姓们都很害怕他,甚至连进关、出关的官员都不敢得罪他。人们都说,让宁成做官,好比是把一群羊交给狼管。宁成听说义纵要来南阳任太守,有些不安。等义纵上任那天,带领全家老小恭恭敬敬地站在路边迎接义纵。义纵知道宁成这样做的目的,对他不理不睬。一上任,义纵就派人调查宁成的家族,凡是查到有罪的,就统统杀掉,最后,宁成也被判了罪。这一来,当地有名的富豪孔氏、暴氏因为也有劣迹,吓得逃离了南阳。
后来,汉武帝又调义纵任定襄(在今内蒙古)太守,那时,这个地区的治安很混乱。义纵一到定襄,就将监狱中二百多个重罪轻判的犯人重新判处死刑,同时将二百多个私自来监狱探望这些犯人的家属抓了起来,说他们想要为犯人开脱罪行,也一起判处死刑。
那天,一下子就杀了四百多人。尽管那天天气不冷,然而,住在这个地区的人们听到这个消息后都吓得不寒而栗。
义纵执法严峻,但也存在肆意残杀的问题,司马迁《史记》把义纵归入酷吏一类。
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