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为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀的成语故事


为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀

拼音wèi yuān qū yú,wèi cóng qū què

基本解释比喻为政不善,人心涣散,使百姓投向敌方。同“为渊驱鱼,为丛驱爵”。

出处清·新广东武生《黄萧养回头》:“大小文武官员,都是助纣为虐,为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀,甚非计也。”



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为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀的典故

某一日,孟子的几个学生针对夏、商两朝灭亡的原因展开了激烈地辩论。天命派认为桀和纣的灭亡是天意,人的力量没法与天意抗衡。有人立即反驳说:“明明是人意嘛,哪里是什么天意!孔子‘说:‘天何能言?以人代言之。’即使是天意,也是通过人力来实现的。把一切因果都说成天意,人的努力还有什么意义呢?”双方争执不下,一道去请教孟子。孟子仔细听了双方争执的理由,分析道:“桀和纣之所以灭国亡身,不是什么天意,原因在于他们失去了民心,一个失掉百姓支持的国君当然要失败了。

一个君主要想取得天下,都必须遵循一个原则,那就是首先取得百姓们的支持,百姓不支持的事情肯定办不成。怎样才能取得百姓支持呢?方法也很简单,那就是深得民心。民心是很容易争取的。”这时有人提出质疑:“纣王造鹿台,百姓并不支持,但百姓被迫无奈,还是把鹿台造起来了。”孟子说:“鹿台是造起来了,但纣王却为这件事惹怒了百姓,纣王最后还是自杀了。这样看来,鹿台建成对纣王而言并不是什么好事呀。”有的学生不愿问题节外生枝,对孟子说:“先生,您还是说说桀纣亡天下的原因吧。”孟子说:“好吧,我们回到原来的话题。还是先说说怎样取得民心:首先是为百姓着想,做百姓喜欢的事情,解决百姓的疾苦,让他们有房住,有衣穿,有饭吃。凡是百姓讨厌的事情就万万不可去做,更不能强迫他们去做。”孟子说得有些兴奋,站起来继续说:“我打个比方,国君施行仁政,爱护百姓,百姓就像百川归海一样涌向国君的周围。你们都知道,水獭是专门靠吃鱼为生的,水獭一经出现,鱼类必然潜往深水;鹰隼专吃小鸟,小马看到鹰隼了一定会飞向树林深处。所以说,是水獭代替深水将鱼儿赶来,鹰隼为丛林聚积鸟类,故为渊驱鱼者,獭也;为丛驱雀者,鹯(zhān)也。由此可见,是桀纣把百姓驱赶到商汤王和周武王那儿去的。总之,梁纣的灭亡是因为人心向背,绝非什么天意。天意大难把握了,我们还是多尽人力吧。”弟子们听了,都表示满意。

任何君主残酷剥削百姓,使百姓活不下去,百姓必然奋起反抗,最终导致改朝换代。中国的26部史书记录26个朝代的兴亡史,考其缘由,就是亡国之君见利忘义,干下了“为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀”的蠢事。


更多成语出处和典故


※ 与(为渊驱鱼,为丛驱雀)相关的成语及历史出处:

成语 历史出处

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易放难收

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宋·朱熹《答巩仲至》:“所谓修辞立诚以居业者,欲吾之谨夫所发以致其实,而尤先于言语之易放难收也。”

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费尽心思

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曾朴《孽海花》第11回:“后儒牵强附会,费尽心思,不知都是古今学不分明的缘故。”

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空空荡荡

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浩然《艳阳天》第121章:“屋子里空空荡荡,冷冷清清。”

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背腹受敌

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《新五代史 南唐世家 李昪》:“吾无水战之具,而使淮兵断正阳浮桥,则我背腹受敌。”

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箪瓢屡空

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晋·陶渊明《五柳先生传》:“环堵萧然,不蔽风日,短褐穿结,箪瓢屡空。”

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诛求无度

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《旧唐书·于頔传》:“擅兴全师,僭为正乐,侵辱中使,擅止制囚,杀戮不辜,诛求无度,臣故定谥为厉。”

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旧地重游

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郭沫若《洪波曲》第一章:“广州,在1926年北伐的那一年,我是住过三个多月的,整整隔了十二年又到旧地重游了。”

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意气风发

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三国 魏 曹植《魏德论》:“武皇之兴也,以道凌残,义气风发。”

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胆如斗大

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晋·陈寿《三国志·蜀志·姜维传》:“维妻子皆伏诛。”裴松之注引《世语》:“维死时见剖,胆如斗大。”

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来踪去迹

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明 冯梦龙《醒世恒言》第16卷:“陆婆向来也晓得儿子些来踪去迹,今番杀人一事,定有干涉,只是不敢问他,却也怀着鬼胎。”