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辞源阁a>成语词典兵贵神速兵贵神速的故事
兵贵神速的成语故事

拼音bīng guì shén sù
基本解释贵:可贵;神速:特别迅速。用兵以行动特别迅速为贵。
出处晋 陈寿《三国志 魏志 郭嘉传》:“太祖将征袁尚……嘉表曰:‘兵贵神速。今千里袭人,辎重多,难以趣利,且彼闻之,必为备;不如留辎重,轻兵兼道以出,掩其不意。’”
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兵贵神速的典故
郭嘉,字奉孝,颍川阳翟(今河南禹县)人。他足智多谋,受到曹操的信任和重用。
曹操打败了据有冀、青、幽、并四州的袁绍,杀了袁绍长子袁谭,袁绍的另外两个儿子袁尚、袁熙逃走,投奔辽河流域的乌丸族首领蹋顿单于。蹋顿乘机侵扰汉朝边境,破坏边境地区人民的正常生产和生活。曹操有心要去征讨袁尚及蹋顿,侣有些官员担心远征之后,荆州的刘表会乘机派刘备来袭击曹操的后方。
郭嘉分析了当时的形势,对曹操说:“你现在威镇天下,但乌丸仗着地处在边远地区,必然不会防备。进行突然袭击,一定能消灭他们。如果延误时机,让袁尚、袁熙喘过气来,重新收集残部,乌丸各族响应,蹋顿有了野心,只怕冀州、青州又要不属于我们了。刘表是个空谈家,知道自己才能不及刘备,不会重用刘备,刘备不受重用,也不肯多为刘表出力。所以你只管放心远征乌丸,不会有后顾之忧的。”
曹操于是率领军队出征。到达易县(今属河北)后,郭嘉又对曹操说:“用兵贵在神速。现在到千里之外的地方作战,军用物资多,行军速度就慢,如果乌丸人知道我军的情况,就会有所准备。不如留下笨重的军械物资,部队轻装,以加倍的速度前进,乘敌人没有防备发起进攻,那就能大获全胜。”
曹操依郭嘉的计策办,部队快速行军,直达蹋顿单于驻地。乌丸人惊慌失措地应战,一败涂地。蹋顿被杀,袁尚、袁熙逃往辽东后被太守孙康所杀。
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